Structure and function of lungs, organs

Lung is an organ with important functions: Here, the oxygen enters the blood and the blood flow to all body cells. Oxygen is required for basic metabolism. could he not have a job, the organism is no longer. Breath "" through the lungs occurs automatically, without thinking about the needs of people.

Structure is how the parts of something related to each other or how something is put together. Structure is fundamental to any system properties. Identification of a structure is a subjective task, because it depends on the assumption that the criteria for recognition of their parts and their relationships. Therefore, the identification of a cognitive goal-oriented structure and is dependent on existing knowledge.

Oxygen is one of the existing dangerous addictive substances on earth. All of mankind is born addicted to substances, five minutes without inhaling these substances, humans will be hooked with the characteristics of gasping and eventually died. National Narcotics Agency in a press releasenya, has admitted defeat in this fight against the circulation of narcotic substances, because all of his staff already suffering from chronic addiction to oxygen.

Compiler basic cells of our body is, the dynamics of metabolism to keep the wheels work function of each organ we know as life, the main kitchen is a cell. To perform its functions of our body cells require a source of energy in a very large portion, which is supplied from 90% glucose (the smallest molecules from carbohydrate metabolism). Differences with carnivores who obtained 90% energy from oxidation of amino acids (the smallest molecule of protein). Only amino acid required by the WHO only in small amounts (2.5 to 4%) or only about 25 grams of unsaturated fatty acids (1 +%), vitamins, less than 1%.

Oxygen required for metabolism. Metabolism is the process of processing (formation and decomposition) substances that are needed by the body so the body can perform its functions.

In biology, the organism is any living system (such as animals, plants, fungi, or micro-organisms). At least in some form, all organisms capable of responding to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, and maintenance of homeostasis as a whole is stable. An organism may be unicellular (single celled) or consist of, as in humans, many billions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs. The term multicellular (many celled) describes any organism consists of more than one cell.

Approximately twelve to 15 breaths per minute an adult needs - around 20,000 breaths a day. With every breath about half a liter of air inhaled. If physical activity can increase this number further. lungs with the heart and large blood vessels in the chest. It consists of two lungs, which in turn are divided into several lobes - two left, a little bigger right lung into three lobes. Space between the two lungs called the mediastinum. It also runs the trachea, blood vessels, lymph vessels and esophagus. Both the second surface of the lungs and chest cavity of the inner wall with the skin, lungs and pleura, covered.

lobe is the name of the species Latimeria coelancanth chalumnae.Ikan lung kolam.Ikan live in the swamp and the lungs will increase the surface to breathe.

Mediastinum is the cavity between the lungs that contains the right and left heart, aorta, and major arteries, major veins, trachea, thymus gland, nerves, connective tissue, lymph nodes and channels.

Mediastinal cavity is divided into four important:

   1. Superior mediastinum, the chest cavity door began to torakal to-5 vertebra and the lower sternum
   2. Anterior mediastinum, the superior mediastinal border line to the diaphragm in front of the heart
   3. Posterior mediastinum, the mediastinal superiro boundary line to the diaphragm at the back of the heart
   4. Medial mediastinum (center) from the line of the superior mediastinum to the diaphragm boundary between the anterior and posterior mediastinum.

The trachea is a tuba that has a diameter of 20-25 mm and a length of about 10-16 cm. Lies of the larynx and trachea terbifurkasi into the main bronchi in mammals, and from the pharynx to syring in birds, which is the entrance of air into the lungs.

Lymphatic vessels containing viscous fluid (lymph nodes), which consists of fat and fluid containing white blood cells. In addition to the lymph vessels there are specific areas, namely the lymph nodes, tonsils (tonsils, bone marrow, spleen, liver, lungs and intestines, where the lymphocytes can be loaded, transported and distributed to the parts that need it as part of the immune response. Plan which genius of this system ensures the availability and preparation of immune responses immediately, wherever necessary. Swollen lymph nodes occurs because the lymph vessels drain the infection by took him to the nearest area where the immune response can be executed.

When breathing, air flow through the nose or mouth into the trachea, which is divided into two main bronchi. Two main bronchi enter the lungs and then divides into branches that are smaller and smaller and more subtle - the bronchi and bronchioles. At the end of the smallest bronchioles sat a total of approximately 300 million alveoli, the alveoli, where there is a so-called "gas exchange". Through the walls of the alveoli, which is surrounded by a network of fine blood vessels, inhaled oxygen is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide as a waste product of metabolic processes, made from the blood into the lungs and sighed. Converted all alveoli exchange area around 160 square meters surface area, roughly the size volleyball court. This is far more than he needs to survive - so it can be a man
required by a living lung.

Bronchus is the liaison between the lungs with the trachea. Bronchial-pulmonary diparu have the right and left. Which is called bronchial branching bronchus.

The road delivers breathing air into the lungs is the nose, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus principalis, bronchus lobaris, bronchus segmentalis, bronchial terminalis, respiratory bronchial, alveolar ductus, saccus alveolar, and alveoli.

The trachea is a tuba that has a diameter of 20-25 mm and a length of about 10 cm. The trachea is a hollow tube supported by rings of cartilage. Tracheal cartilage krikoid originated from the ring-shaped seal and extends to the anterior of the esophagus, down into the thoracic vertebrae to-five and beyond where it divides into two main bronchi (primary right and left) on Karina. Order form than 16-20 tracheal rings composed of hyaline prone incomplete, resembling the letter C. Incomplete letters section this leads to the posterior and filled in by smooth muscle. In place of tracheal branching, there is one angle between the left and right primary bronchus is identified as Karina. Tracheal epithelium coated by pseudostratum bersilium column. Trachea function is to provide a place for the air that was brought in and the air is expelled.
Trachea also is:
- Very flexible
- Muscular

Large blood vessels in the neck runs parallel to the trachea on the lateral and encased in the carotid sheath. Thyroid gland is located in the trachea in the front and laterally. Ismuth passing anterior to the trachea, usually as high as second to fifth tracheal ring. Recurrent laryngeal nerve lies in the tracheoesophageal groove. Beneath the subcutaneous tissue and trachea on the front cover is a supra-sternal muscles attached to the thyroid cartilage and hioid.

Gland or the Son of Kidney and function

Shaped like a ball or cap located above the kidneys. In each kidney is a gland suprarenalis which is divided into two parts, namely the outer part (cortex) and the middle (medulla).

Suprarenalis adrenal gland or glands are triangular-shaped endocrine glands located above the kidneys (ad, "near" or "at" + renes, "kidney"). This gland is responsible for the regulation of stress response in the synthesis of corticosteroids and catecholamines, including cortisol and adrenaline.

There are several groups of cells in pancreatic islets, known as endocrine function as hormones that produce insulin. This hormone functions regulate blood glucose concentrations. Excess glucose will be taken to the liver cells and then be reorganized into glycogen for storage. This hormone deficiency will cause disease to diabetes. In addition, the pancreas also produces the hormone glucagon antagonist that works with the hormone insulin.

Synthesis is the process of making compounds in the laboratory result is the same with a compound found naturally. Who's an expert in organic chemistry is often associated with the ability to synthesize or analyze various compounds. In the 1950s and 1960s, the success of organic synthesis have no counterpart. Many Nobel awarded for the successful synthesis of several important compounds.

synthesis of methyl ester transesterification based on more efficient and subsequently used to synthesize methyl ester as a base for the synthesis of sucrose polyester.

Sucrose polyester (SPE) was prepared by transesterification of sucrose and sucrose oktaasetat interesterification. The optimum conditions for EPS synthesis by transesterfikasi mole ratio is 1:16, catalyst 4% of the weight of sucrose, the reaction temperature of 120 ° C, pressure 50-10 mm Hg, the reaction time of seven hours, and 83% yield. Product has a specific gravity 0.9635, refractive index at 40 ° C. 1456 The optimum condition is obtained by interesterification of sucrose mole ratio of FAME oktaasetat between 1:10 and 1:12, NaOCH3 catalyst concentration of 2% of the total weight of sucrose plus oktaasetat FAME, a reaction temperature of 105-110 ° C, pressure 0-5 mm Hg , reaction time 2.5 hours. Yield was obtained at this optimum condition is 46.74-47.10% mol or 131-132% weighting.

Physico-chemical and functional outcome of sucrose polyester synthesis: 1456 refractive index at 25 ° C, the specific gravity of 0.9533 at 25 ° C, 486 cp viscosity, saponification number 233, the degree of substitution (DS) 07.08, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) 2.0 . The viscosity of sucrose polyester synthesis results (486 cp) were significantly higher than the coconut oil viscosity (cp 170) that is used as feedstock.

Corticosteroids are hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. The immune system is the body's defense system consisting of specific immune system and non-specific. Corticosteroids, given either topically or systemically can suppress specific immune system and non-specific.

Corticosteroids have the influence to complement biological activity. Effect of inhibition of the fixation of C3b to its receptor on mononuclear phagocytes, and the inhibitory effect of C3a, C5a and C567 on PMN leukocyte. Non-specific influence of this only happened on high-dose corticosteroids. This has been evidenced in vitro with doses of methylprednisolone 30 mg / kg. or in vivo with intravenous hydrocortisone dose 120 mg / kg intravenously

Catecholamines is a hormone that causes high blood pressure and other symptoms. or catecholamines is a major neurotransmitter function associated with frontal lobe brain function. So that the dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission seems to be the main target in the treatment of ADHD.

High levels of catecholamines in the blood are associated with stress that can come from a psychological reaction in yourself or the pressure of the external environment such as noise, the atmosphere is uncomfortable, difficult conditions, and others. Very high levels of catecholamines (also known as the toxicity of catecholamines) may occur because of stimulation or damage to nerve cells in the brain stem. Some drugs such as tolcapone (COMT-inhibitor center) could also increase the levels of catecholamines. Two types of catecholamines, namely dopamine and epinephrine, also functions as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system as well as hormones in the blood circulation.

Catecholamines facilitate physical reactions related to the preparation of muscle action include increased heart rate and lung cancer, gastric inhibitory and small intestine, constriction of blood vessels in many parts of the body, inhibition of tear glands, enlarged pupils, urinary bladder relaxation, and inhibition of erections . Catecholamines cause general body physiology alter itself to adjust the face of physical activity.

Is the primary stress hormone cortisol in the body and associated with a number of health problems including obesity. Chronic stress or long-term stress raise cortisol levels, and this causes weight gain. However, this key hormone ignored completely in most diet programs.

Stress Hormones. As a reaction to stress, child-kidneys secrete excessive hormones, adrenaline / NA (noradrenaline) and cortisol through each CNS (central nervous system) and the pituitary. Cortisol secretion can be increased up to 301 mg in order to overcome the effects of stress, such as inflammation, pain and fever. Cortisol as an anti-inflammatory substances inhibit the functioning of the immune system's reaction so that the response to stress should not be too great.

Adrenaline and NA serves to prepare the organism for action (fight or flight) with a road to enable a variety of physiological processes. Most important among them is the stimulation of CNS effects include increased blood pressure and increased blood flow the brain, lungs and peripheral muscles. Reduced protein synthesis and increased glucose production by mobilization of glycogen reserves, as well as the release of fatty acids into the blood. Fatty acids are a source of energy that can be directly used. Therefore, the lipid profile deteriorated with the increase in triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol and decrease HDL. With these changes, the body can adjust to the pressure (stress) that threatened him.

Hormone from the gland, kidney and children working principles:
1. Adrenal cortex:
a. Mineralocorticoid: Mengontol metabolism of inorganic ions
b. Glucocorticoids: Control of glucose metabolism

2. Part Adrenal medulla: adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline Both these hormones work together in the following:
a. bronchial dilatation
b. vasoconstriction in arterial
c. vasodilation of blood vessels of the brain and muscles
d. convert glycogen to glucose in liver
e. peristalsis
f. with insulin regulate blood sugar levels

Regulation of adrenal medulla hormones
Tense stimuli cause the hypothalamus to activate the adrenal medulla by the adrenal cortex and nerve impulses through hormonal signals. Adrenal medulla facilitate short-term response to stress by secreting hormones and catecholamines are efinefrin norefinefrin. Adrenal cortex to control a more enduring response by secreting a steroid hormone.

~ Pancreas gland is a group of cells located in the pancreas, which is known as the island - the island of Langerhans.
~ Pancreas gland produces the hormone insulin and glucagon. Insulin facilitate the movement of glucose from the blood into cells - the body's cells through the cell membrane.
~ In the muscle glucose metabolized and stored in the form of reserves.
~ In liver cells, insulin accelerated the process of formation of glycogen (glikogenesis) and the formation of fat (lipogenesis).
~ High glucose concentration in blood is a stimulus to secrete insulin. Conversely glukogen works opposite to insulin.
~ Settings blood sugar levels

Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, lymph

Pituitary gland is a small gland attached to the hypothalamus, the hormone that controls the supply of vital functions. Pituitary gland produces a hormone that is needed to adapt to stress. In addition, the pituitary gland regulate the secretion of thyroid hormones, gonadal, and parathyroid. Secretion of hormones, such as other homeostatic mechanisms, normally regulated by a feedback mechanism that continuously monitor the hormone levels in the blood. When hormone levels decline, the pituitary gland receives the message to increase the secretion of hormones. When hormone levels rise, the pituitary gland decreases the production of hormones.

Pituitary gland is located in a curve selatursika bone at the bone wedge and produces various hormones that regulate the activities of other glands. Therefore, the pituitary gland called the master gland. Pituitary gland is divided into three parts, namely the anterior, middle, and posterior parts.
Adenoma (tumor gland) in the form of pituitary tumors in the pituitary gland that causes excess production of TSH that stimulate the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones become excessive. Tirotropin (English: thyrotropin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) is a hormone that functions to maintain growth and development of the thyroid gland and is a stimulator for the secretion of T4 and T3 hormone produced by the gland. [1] Hormones tirotropin is glikoproten and has two subunits, ie subunit a (alpha) and b (beta)

Liberation Adenohipofisis controlled by the hypothalamic hormone. Cells - the cells in the hypothalamus to secrete hormones neurosekresi liberator and the inhibiting hormone, into the capillary network located in the pituitary stem. Hormone-containing blood was flowing through the vessels - the short portal vessels into the second capillary network in the anterior pituitary. In response to specific hormone liberator, cells - endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary to secrete certain hormones into the circulation.
Thyroid gland is a kind of endocrine gland located at the top .... Symptoms: Abdomen tense or pain (moderate / severe). lymph nodes = Lymph glands are glands containing lymph nodes that contain protein, fat and a large number of lymphocytes (white blood cells) where it acts like a filter lymphocytes that make antibodies unt capture foreign organisms (such as bacteria, viruses) that cause infections in unt destroy / prevent it spreading.

Lymph nodes tend to be clustered in the armpits eg, dileher n dipangkal thigh.
= lymph fluid circulation of the lymphatic system, circulates through the lymphatic and bring pembulu lymph nodes around the body back through the lymph nodes, etc., etc..

Swelling occurs usually occur infection and swelling will subside if the infection is resolved.
but if the swelling is accompanied by symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weight loss and reduced appetite, pale, persistent fatigue is also sometimes accompanied by short breathing batuk2 we need to hold further examination because of possible lymphoma or cancer of the affected lymph nodes.

Excess proteinuntuk healthy people / does not affect normal, just aman2
This excess will be stored in other forms such as the fat.
BUT for the sick, such as impaired attention in the kidney it is necessary to consume protein karenadapan aggravate an already sick of the kidneys.
As we know protein is very important as the staple formation of the body and the amount adalh sel2 No. 2 after the water, as well as antibody formation BHN. besides hormon2 in the body also contains high protein.

If we move further exercising ie the racing a lot more protein.
hopefully help.

a. Anterior pituitary hormones produced
  1. Somatrotof Hormones: Growth of cells and proteins anabolisme
  2. Thyroid hormone (TSH): Controls the secretion of hormones by the thyroid gland
  3. Adrenokortikotropik hormone (ACTH): Controls the secretion of several hormones by the adrenal cortex
  4. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH):
    a. In female: stimulates ovarian follicle growth and secretion of estrogen on
    b. In the testis: to stimulate the testes to stimulate sperm
  5. Luteinizing hormone (LH):
    a. On Women: along with estrogen to stimulate ovulation and the formation of progesterone by the corpus luteum
    b. In men: stimulates cell - interstitial cells in testes to grow and produce testosterone
  6. Prolactin: Helping birth and maintain the secretion of milk by the mammary gland Pratiwi, regulation of anterior pituitary hormones / Adenohipofisis

b. Posterior pituitary hormones produced
  1. Oxytocin: Stimulates contraction of smooth muscles in a woman's womb during childbirth
  2. The hormone ADH: Lowering the volume of urine and increased blood pressure by narrowing blood vessels Pratiwi, posterior pituitary hormone regulation / neurohipofisis

Cells - the cells in the hypothalamus synthesizes neurosekresi hormone, ADH and oxytocin. Neurohipofisis release hormone into the blood, where the hormone is circulating. ADH binds to target cells in the kidney, oxytocin binding to target cells in the mammary gland and uterus
c. Intermediate pituitary hormones produced
  1. Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH): Affected individuals skin color.

Normal Menstrual Cycle

Normal menstrual cycle can be divided into two segments namely, ovarian cycle (ovaries) and the cycle of the uterus (womb). Ovarian cycle was divided into two parts, the cycle of follicular and luteal cycle, whereas the uterine cycle is divided into the proliferation (growth) and the period of secretion.

Changes in the uterus is a response to hormonal changes. The uterus consists of three layers namely perimetrium (outermost layer of the uterus), myometrium (muscle layer rehim, located in the middle), and endometrium (innermost lining of the uterus). The endometrium is the lining yangn role in the menstrual cycle. 2 / 3 part is called decidual endometrium functionalist consisting of glands, and the third part is called the innermost basal decidua.

Hormonal systems that influence the menstrual cycle are:
1. -RH FSH (follicle stimulating hormone releasing hormone) which issued the hypothalamus to stimulate pituitary release of FSH
2. LH-RH (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone) which issued the hypothalamus to stimulate pituitary release of LH
3. PIH (prolactine inhibiting hormone), which inhibits pituitary to release prolactin

Hormonal Cycle

In each menstrual cycle, FSH released by the pituitary stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries (ovaries). Generally only one follicle can be aroused but can progress to more than one, and these follicles develop into follicle de Graaf that makes estrogen. This estrogen suppress FSH production, so the release of pituitary hormones that both the LH. LH and FSH hormone production is under the influence of hypothalamic releasing hormones are distributed to the pituitary. RH Distribution is influenced by the feedback mechanism of estrogen on the hypothalamus.

Production of gonadotropin (FSH and LH), which both will cause the maturation of the follicle de Graaf that contain estrogen. Estrogen affects the growth of the endometrium. Under the influence of LH, follicle de Graaf be cooked until ovulation occurs. After ovulation occurs, the corpus rubrum formed which will become the corpus luteum, under the influence of hormones LH and LTH (luteotrophic hormones, a hormone gonadotropik).

The corpus luteum produces progesterone that may affect the growth of endometrial glands. If there is no fertilization, the corpus luteum to degenerate and result in decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone. This decline in hormone levels causes degeneration, bleeding, and the release of the endometrium. This process is called menstruation or menstrual period. If there is fertilization during ovulation, the corpus luteum is maintained.

At each cycle known three main periods:
1. Menstrual period that lasts for 2-8 days. At that time, the endometrium (lining of the uterus) is released which raised the bleeding and ovarian hormones in the lowest levels
2. Early proliferation of blood stopped menstruating until day 14. After menstruation ends, began the proliferative phase where there is growth of uterine decidua functionalist to prepare for the attachment of the fetus. In this phase, the endometrium grows back. Between day-to-12 to 14 can occur release eggs from the ovary (called ovulation)
3. Secretion period. Secretion is a time period after ovulation. The hormone progesterone is released and affect the growth of the endometrium to make the uterus ready for implantation conditions (fetal attachment to the uterus)

Female hormone regulation - Testes

In the mammalian testis consists of tubules lined by cells - germ cell (germ cell), these tubules known as the seminiferous tubules. The testes secrete testosterone hormone which stimulates the maturation of sperm function (spermatogenesisi) and formation of signs - signs of male genitals, such as growth mustache, beard, chest hair, Adam's apple, and the growing voice. Hormone secretion is stimulated by ICTH produced by the anterior pituitary.

Male hormone regulation

During puberty, the anterior pituitary produces gonadotrofin, namely FSH and LH hormone. Both hormone secretion is influenced by GNRFs (Gonadotropin Releasing Factor) derived from the hypothalamus.

2. Role of Hormones In KB System
KB is a government program that aims to create a happy and prosperous small family executed by setting the number of children and birth spacing. Many kinds of family planning techniques, some permanent, some temporary, and there are mechanical, chemical, or by using hormones. The technique is basically the use of hormones to prevent ovulation. In this case the use of synthetic hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Hormone - the hormone are packaged in the form of pills, injections, or implant. If a woman taking birth control pills every day then he has to put synthetic hormones estrogen and progesterone into the body. As a result, the pituitary gland will not produce FSH and LH. LHmenyebabkan absence of FSH and pregnant women will not, because the function of FSH and LH stimulates ovulation will occur which, if fertilized pregnancies. In addition, progesterone also acts to stimulate thickening of the uterine wall, thus disallowing the occurrence of implantation (attachment of the embryo on the uterine wall).

Understanding secretion of estrogen, follicle, Adaptation Physiology

Secretion of estrogen produced by the follicle de Graaf and stimulated by FSH. Create and maintain a functioning estrogen signs - signs of secondary sex on women, like the development of hips, breasts, and the skin becomes smooth. Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum and stimulated by LH. While working Progesterone prepares the uterine wall in order to receive the fertilized egg cell.

Follicle is a cavity of a normal fluid contained in the ovary. In normal circumstances, follicles containing eggs will be open during the menstrual cycle to release an egg. However, in some cases, these follicles do not open so that the cause of the dam quest that will become a cyst. Cyst fluid that fills most of the blood that comes out because of injury that occurred in small blood vessels of the ovary.

Create and maintain a functioning estrogen signs - signs of secondary sex on women, like the development of hips, breasts, and the skin becomes smooth. As I mentioned above.

Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum and stimulated by LH. Progesterone prepares the uterine wall functions in order to receive the fertilized egg cell.

Adaptation Physiology
Physiological adaptation is the adjustment that is influenced by the environment that cause adjustments to the tools of the body to maintain a good life. Examples of physiological adaptation is like the animal / animals that have a camel in punuknya water bag to store water to be resistant not drink in the desert in a long time and the seals that have a thick layer of fat to survive in cold regions.

You probably already know if Menstruation is the periodic vaginal bleeding caused by the release of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Well ... for who do not know now if you've read this article then you'll know. if it is the endometrium is the innermost layer of the uterus and place attachment of the fertilized ovum. The endometrium lining found inside the blood vessels that are useful for delivering nutrients to these layers. When the fertilized ovum (called fertilization) stuck to the layer of the endometrium (implantation), the ovum will be connected with the parent body with placentas that in connection with the umbilical cord in infants.

Normal menstrual function is the result of interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary with associated changes in the target tissue in the normal reproductive tract, the ovary plays an important role in this process, because it seems responsible for setting cyclic changes and long menstrual cycles.

Mastalgia is breast pain that is divided into two kenis, namely cyclic mastalgia associated with the menstrual cycle, and non-cyclic. One cause of non-cyclic mastalgia is that there is pressure on the breast. Other causes is pain in the joints around the chest and neck area which later spread to the breast.

Treatment for non-cyclic mastalgia is to check into early cancer detection center that will perform a physical examination. It is recommended to perform mammography or ultrasound, depending on your age, as well as drugs mngkonsumsi appropriate indications suggested by the doctor. 

Definition of Ovary, Estrogen and Progesterone

The ovary is one of the organs of the female reproductive system, reproductive system consists of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina. The two ovaries are located in both sides of the uterus in the pelvic cavity with a length of about 1.5 to 2 inches and width of <1 inch, the ovaries will shrink after menopause.

* Represents the female sex gland that produces the egg cell function, hormone, estrogen and progesterone hormone.

Estrogen is a female hormone produced by the ovaries, ovaries (ovarian, ovaries). Submarine reproductive years, a woman's body facing the high levels of estrogen. After menopause, estrogen production by the ovaries-the ovaries decreases. Estrogen is sometimes prescribed to treat some of the problems often associated with menopause, like hot (hot flashes), night sweat, sweat, ketidaktiduran, and vaginal dryness. Estrogen has the additional benefit of preventing bone thinning (osteoporosis). However, the results from a large clinical trial of women who had menopause who received hormone therapy dipubilkasikan in 2002 showed that the overall risks of estrogen plus progestin therapy exceeded the benefits of hormone therapy. Combination therapy with estrogen and progestin hormones have been shown to increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and blood clots.

Progesterone is another hormone produced by the ovaries of women, as well as the hormone estrogen regulates the changes that occurred in each monthly menstrual cycle and prepares the uterus (womb) for pregnancy. Major at menopause. More than 90% of estrogen in a woman's body produced by the ovaries. Other organs (including the adrenal gland, liver and kidneys) also produce small amounts of estrogen. That is why the next women have estrogen levels only in very small amounts after the menopause. Because fat cells can also produce small amounts of estrogen, women who have excess body weight after menopause will have fewer problems, in the form of heat in the body and osteoporosis (both are a problem due to lack of estrogen levels) compared to women who have little fat.

Cancer caused by sex

Female sex glands which serves to produce an egg cell.
Anal glands are holes next to the anus and is used for secretion of urine, which has a significant and specific smell.

Venereal disease is a type of disease caused by germs that are transmitted through sexual contact or through unprotected oral sex. Kind of a variety, from gonorhea, syphilis, herpes, HIV / AIDS, etc..

Single cell is the basic unit of human body in which each organ is gregasi / unification of the various cells that are united to one another by endorsement interselluler structures.

egg cells are cells in the female sex. If the egg to meet sperm (male sex cell) then he would develop into babies. Meeting of the egg with the sperm cells is called fertilization. This egg cell is stored diindung eggs since we are still a fetus. Since puberty, the ovaries will release eggs once a month.

Rectal cancer is a specific disease which is transmitted sexually. The anus is part of our body's most "not known". Unless you are an athlete that can be folded-folding gymnastics body, it seems you can not see it without the help of a mirror. As a child a child, we are often told that the anus is a dirty body part. Many people who once tried-Anal Sex, apparently feeling pain and then no longer want to repeat it, or forced to bear it just to please her partner.

The anus is part of our body's most "unknown." Unless you are an athlete that can be folded-folding gymnastics body, it seems you can not see it without the help of a mirror. As a child a child, we are often told that the anus is part of the body who has ever tried kotor.Banyak-Anal Sex, apparently feeling pain and then no longer want to repeat it, or forced to bear it just to please her partner.

Secretion is a process of expenditure as a liquid substance by the cell - the cell body or kelanjar which the liquid is still utilized by the body for metabolic processes. While the secretion is the process by cells and glands pengeluarean expenditure results in the form of sap, which generally contain hormones. The remains of human waste on both defecation and excretion are generally unclean and forbidden to be consumed by humans, especially re urine, sweat and feces (faces).

Urine is a system of organs that produce, store, and stream of urine. In humans, this system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, bladder, two sphincter muscle, and urethra. is significantly important, noteworthy, etc..

Herpes is a viral infection of the skin. Herpes Simplex Virus is one of the herpes virus that causes disease in humans. Noted there are seven types of viruses that cause herpes disease in humans, namely Herpes Simplex Virus, Varizolla Zoster Virus (VZV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Herpes Virus type 6 (HHV-6), type 7 (HHV-7), type 8 (HHV-8). All herpes viruses have the same size and morphology and everything to replicate in the cell nucleus. Herpes Simplex Virus itself is divided into two types: Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) that cause infections of the mouth, eyes and face and Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) that cause infections of the genitals (genital) .

However, after both types of these viruses can cause disease of any parts of the body. HSV-1 causes the appearance of fluid-filled bubble that feels pain in the mucosa of the mouth, face, and around the eyes. HSV-2 or genital herpes is transmitted through sexual contact and caused fluid-filled bubble that feels pain in the genital mucous membranes. Infections of the vagina look like spots with injuries. In patients may show irritation, impairment of consciousness, accompanied by dizziness, and yellowish skin (jaundice), and difficulty breathing or convulsions.

Lesions usually disappear within two weeks. infection. The first episode (first infection) of HSV infection is the most serious and begins after an incubation period of 4-6 days. Gelala that arise, including pain, inflammation and redness of the skin (erythema) followed by the formation of bubbles filled with fluid. Clear liquid, then, can develop into pus, followed by the formation of a scab or crust (controlling scab). After the first infection, HSV has the unique ability to migrate to the edge of the sensory nerves to the spinal ganglia, and berdormansi until activated again. Berdormansi virus activation can be attributed to lower body endurance, stress, depression, food allergies, fever, trauma to the genital mucosa, menstruation, lack of sleep, and ultraviolet light.

Gonorrhea is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. An estimated 200 million new cases per year. Gonorrhea caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria. Starting in 1993, fluoroquinolone (ciprofloksasin, ofloxacin, or levofloxacin) is considered as empirical therapy for gonorrhea. In early 2000, fluoroquinolone no longer direkomentasikan in Asia and the Pacific Islands. CDC is not merekomentasikan fluoroquinolone in the United States to treat gonorrhea in gay and heterosexual men. Only one class of drugs, namely cephalosporin which is still recommended. Drugs used include ceftriakson, cefiksim, Cefoperazon, and Spektinomisin. Ceftriaxone is now the drug of choice for urogenital and pharyngeal gonorrhea in the United States.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by bacteria spiroseta, Treponema pallidum.
Transmission is usually through sexual contact: But, there are several other examples of such direct contact and congenital syphilis (transmission through mother to child in the uterus). Symptoms and signs of syphilis many and different; before the development of serological tests, the diagnosis is difficult and the disease is often called the "Great imitator" because it is often mistaken for other diseases.