Organomagnesium Halides, Alkenes-symmetrical alkenes, carboxylic, Halogen

Halide Organomagnesium general structure R-Mg-X, with R = Alkyl, alkenyl or aryl and X = halogen, called Grignard reagents after their discoverer.

In chemistry, the term acyl halide or acid halide is a compound derived from a carboxylic acid by substituting hydroxyl groups with functional halides.

The reaction between carbon-carbon double bond (C = C) in compounds such as ethene alkenes with halide-hydrogen halide such as hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide.

Alkene-alkene is symmetrical (such as ethene or but-2-ene) will be discussed first. Alkene-alkene has an identical cluster-cluster bound to each end of the bond C = C. For alkene-alkene is not symmetrical like propene, the reaction is slightly more complicated, so it will be further discussed in a separate section.

how to make the organomagnesium halide (RMgX) The discovery in 1901, changing the organic chemical reactions and make him win the Nobel prize in 1912. Found these compounds known as Grignard reagents.

If the acid is a carboxylic acid, the compound containing functional group-COX, consisting of carbonyl groups bound to halogen atoms such as chlorine. The general formula for an acyl halides can be written with RCOX, where R can be an alkyl group, CO is a carbonyl group, and X represents halogen atom.

Halogen is a group of chemical elements that are in class 17 (VII or VIIA of the old system) in the periodic table. This group consists of: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatin (At), and elements Ununseptium (UUS), which has not been found. Signifies halogen elements which produce salt when reacted with metal. This term comes from the French scientific term from the 18th century, adapted from the Greek.

Halogen is a group of chemical elements that are in class 17 (VII or VIIA of the old system) in the periodic table. This group consists of: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatin (At), and elements Ununseptium (UUS), which has not been found. Signifies halogen elements which produce salt when reacted with metal. This term comes from the French scientific term from the 18th century, adapted from the Greek.

Halogen elements naturally form a diatomic molecule. They require one additional electron to fill its outer electron orbits, so that tends to form a negatively charged ion one. Negative ions are called ionic halides, and salts formed by ions are called halides.

They are very valuable and widely used synthetic tools, especially in the addition of carbanions and nucleophilic substitution reactions, but also in various other transformations.

Grignard reagents are generally prepared by the reaction of organic halides with magnesium metal ('metallation') in dry diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran. Metallation addition, many other methods for the preparation of Grignard reagents have been developed:

    * Transmetallation other organometallic compounds with anhydrous magnesium salt
    * Sulfoxide / magnesium exchange
    * Carbenoid-homologation
    * Reaction with highly active magnesium
    * Reaction with magnesium anthracene complex
    * Iodine-magnesium exchange
    * An exchange reaction using magnesium organo 'eat' complex
    * Transition metal-catalyzed formation of Grignard
    * Mercury-magnesium exchange

Reagent, reactants, or reagents (English: reactant or reagent) is a substance that causes or is consumed in a chemical reaction. a reagent that reacts with zinc metal to produce hydrogen, or reacts with calcium carbonate to produce carbon dioxide. reagents used to refer to the chemical purity is sufficient for an analysis or experiment. For example, a reagent water should not contain many impurities such as ions of sodium, chloride, or bacteria, and also has high electrical resistivity.

Grignard compounds are formed from alkyl or aryl halide with magnesium metal (Mg). In the synthesis of organic compounds, Grignard reagents act as nucleophiles will attack the electrophile carbon atoms (usually the C atom on the carbonyl group) or commonly called nucleophilic organometallic Addition. This reaction is irreversible.

Magnesium is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Mg and atomic number 12 and atomic weight 24.31. Magnesium is an element that forms the eighth largest 2% weight of the Earth's crust, as well as soluble constituents of the third largest at sea. and Alkaline earth metal is primarily used as a mixture or substance to make a mixture of aluminum alloy, magnesium is often called "magnalium" or "magnelium".

Magnesium, Mg, Manufactured as carbonate, sulfate, and silicate, and the abundance of sodium and calcium. Magnesium is produced by electrolysis of molten magnesium chloride salts, MgCl2, or reaction of dolomite, CaMg (CO3) 2, with a blend ferosilikon profession. Silvery-white colored magnesium metal and its surface is oxidized in air. At high temperature magnesium burns in air and reacts with nitrogen to produce nitride, Mg3N2. Magnesium metal burns with a very bright flame and is still used as a flashlight.

Aluminum alloy is lightweight and strong and are used as structural materials in automobiles and aircraft. Mg2 + is the central ion in the porphyrin ring in chlorophyll, and plays a role in photosynthesis. Grignard reagents, RMgX, the French chemist who synthesized F. A. V. Grignard in 1900, is typical of organometallic compounds and main group metals are widely used in Grignard reactions. This important reagents Nobel prize (1912), and is very useful not only for the organic reactions but also for metal halide conversion into organometallic compounds. Incredibly, technology with the natural blend.